Two Basic Patterns 
There are two basic types of chart patterns, reversal and continuation. The name implies the effect of the pattern. Reversal patterns tend to be locations where price is going to reverse and move opposite the prevailing trend. Continuation patterns are locations where price is going to continue to move in same direction as the prevailing trend.
Four common reversal patterns traders look for are head and shoulders, bottoms/tops, double bottoms/double tops, triple bottoms/triple tops, and V bottoms/tops. All chart patterns can appear on tops or bottoms of market moves.